New York is the most populous city in the United States[6] and the center of the New York Metropolitan Area, one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world.[7][8][9] New York exerts a significant impact upon global commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and entertainment. As the home of the United Nations Headquarters,[10] it is an important center for international affairs and is widely deemed the cultural capital of the world.[11][12][13][14][15] The city is also referred to as New York City or the City of New York[16] to distinguish it from thestate of New York, of which it is a part.[17]
Located on a large natural harbor on the Atlantic coast of the Northeastern United States, New York City consists of five boroughs: The Bronx, Brooklyn, Manhattan, Queens, and Staten Island.[18]With a 2010 United States Census population of 8,175,133[4] distributed over a land area of just 305 square miles (790 km2),[19][20][21] New York is the most densely populated major city in the United States.[22] As many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world.[23] The New York City Metropolitan Area's population is the United States' largest, estimated at 18.9 million people distributed over 6,720 square miles (17,400 km2),[5] and is also part of the most populous combined statistical area in the United States, containing 22.2 million people as of 2009 Census estimates.[24]
New York traces its roots to its 1624 founding as a trading post by Dutch colonists and was named New Amsterdam in 1626.[25] The city and its surrounds came under English control in 1664[26][27]and were renamed New York after King Charles II of England granted the lands to his brother, the Duke of York.[28][29] New York served as the capital of the United States from 1785 until 1790.[30] It has been the country's largest city since 1790.[31] The Statue of Liberty greeted millions of immigrants as they came to America by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.[32]
Many districts and landmarks in New York City have become well known to outsiders. Times Square, iconified as "The Crossroads of the World",[33][34][35][36] is the brightly illuminated hub of theBroadway theater district,[37] one of the world's busiest pedestrian intersections,[38] and a major center of the world's entertainment industry.[39] The city hosts many world renowned bridges,skyscrapers,[40] and parks. New York City's financial district, anchored by Wall Street in Lower Manhattan, functions as the financial capital of the world[41][42][43][44][45][46][47] and is home to theNew York Stock Exchange, the world's largest stock exchange by total market capitalization of its listed companies.[48] Manhattan's real estate market is among the most prized and expensive in the world.[49] Manhattan's Chinatown incorporates the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere.[50] Unlike most global rapid transit systems, the New York City Subwayis designed to provide 24/7 service.[51] Numerous colleges and universities are located in New York, including Columbia University, New York University, and Rockefeller University, which are ranked among the top 100 in the world.
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